I-Malware, mfutshane "isoftware eyonakalisayo," sisoftware esetyenziselwa ukonakalisa abasebenzisi benkqubo yekhompyuter. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezakhono ezibandakanya:
ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yekhompyuter
ukuqokelela iinkcukacha ezibuthathaka
ukuzenza umsebenzisi ukuthumela imiyalezo yogaxekile okanye yomgunyathi
ukuya kwiinkqubo zekhompyuter zakho
Uninzi lwe-malware lulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukufumana ulwazi lwebhanki okanye iziqinisekiso zokungena kwi-imeyile okanye kwiiakhawunti zenethiwekhi yoluntu. Oorhulumente baseburhulumenteni, amapolisa, kunye nabantu basebenzisa i-malware ukukhusela ukubethelwa kwefayile kunye nokuhlola abasebenzisi. Nge-malware, utshaba lunakho ukurekhoda kwi-web cam nakwimakrofoni, ukukhubaza ukuseta kwesaziso kwiinkqubo ezithile zokulwa neentsholongwane, ukurekhoda amaqhosha, ikopi ye-imeyile kunye nezinye iifayile, ukuthatha iipassword, nokunye.
Ungayisebenzisa njani iMalware ekuSebenziseni ukuze undijolise? Ikhonkco le-anchor
Oorhulumente baseburhulumenteni kunye neenkampani ezinyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho kwisitokhwe akukho mini ixhaphazayo yokusetyenziswa kuhlaselo ekujoliswe kulo lwe-malware. Abafana abangalunganga kunye nezinye iinkwenkwezi banokufumana ukungabinakho ukuxhaphaza kwemini abanokuthi bayisebenzise ukuseta ngobuchule i-malware kwikhompyuter yakho. Kuqheleke ngakumbi ukuba umhlaseli akukhohlise ukuze usete i-malware ngokwakho.
Zininzi iindlela apho umhlaseli anokuzama ukukukhohlisa ukuba usete i-malware kwikhompyuter yakho. Okujolise ngakumbi kuhlaselo, ukhathalelo olungakumbi luya kuthathwa kukwenza ukuba kubonakale ngathi kufuneka ukhuphele i-malware.
ELebhanon, abagxeki bajolise kuluntu nge-malware efihliweyo kwi-phony, ukwahluka ngokwamaqela kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ezikhuselekileyo ezinjengeSignal kunye neWhatsApp. Abaphikisi base-Ethiopia, abaqeqeshwayo, kunye namagqwetha amalungelo oluntu bajolise kwi-spyware efihliweyo njenge-Adobe Flash yokuhlaziya kunye neefayile zePDF ezopolitiko. Ukuba ngenene yayithunyelwe ngomnye umgqugquzeli waseTibetan, kwaye amatshantliziyo aseTibetan ayejolise kwi-malware efihliweyo kwifayile yePDF eyenzelwa ukuba ijongeke ngokungalunganga.
Ndizikhusela Njani Xa Ndithelekisa neMalware? Ikhonkco le-anchor
Ukusetyenziswa kwesicelo seSoftware yokulwa intsholongwane
Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware elwa nentsholongwane kunokusebenza kakuhle ekulweni i-malware esisiseko, "engajoliswanga" enokuthi isetyenziswe ngabantu ababi ngokuchasene namakhulu, okanye mhlawumbi amawaka eethagethi. Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware yeAntivirus kuhlala kungasebenzi ngokuchasene nokuhlaselwa okujolise kuko, njengaleyo isetyenziswa ngabaphangi bakarhulumente waseTshayina ukubeka i-New York Times engozini. I-EFF icebisa ukusebenzisa isoftware yokulwa intsholongwane kwinkqubo yekhompyuter yakho kunye nefowuni yakho ephathekayo, nangona singekhe sicebise naziphi na izinto ezichasene nentsholongwane njengokugqitha kwabanye.
Jonga izixhobo ezithandekayo
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukungcoliseka nge-malware ekujolise kuyo kukuthintela ukuvula iifayile ezikrokrisayo kunye nokuseta i-malware kwasekuqaleni. Abantu abanenkqubo yekhompyuter ngakumbi kunye nobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha baya kuba nefuthe elingcono kakhulu malunga nokuba yeyiphi i-malware kunye nokuba yintoni enokuthi ingabi yiyo, nangona uhlaselo olujolise kakuhle lungacenga kakhulu.
Vula izixhobo ezikrokrisayo kuGoogle Drayivu kunokuba uzikhuphele- oku kunokukhusela ikhompyuter yakho kusulelo ukuba usebenzisa uGmail. Sebenzisa iqonga lekhompyuter elingaqhelekanga, njenge-Ubuntu okanye i-ChromeOS, iphucula kakhulu amathuba akho xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezininzi zokuhanjiswa kwe-malware, nangona kunjalo ayizukukhusela ngokuchasene neentshaba eziphambili.
Sebenzisa uHlaziyo lweSoftware
Enye into onokuyenza ukukhusela ngokuchasene ne-malware kukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa ukungafani kwesicelo sakho kunye nokukhuphela amabala okhuseleko.
Njengobungozi obutsha kraca obufumanekayo kwisicelo sesoftware, ishishini linokulungisa loo micimbi kwaye lisebenzise njengokulungiswa kwesicelo sesoftware, nangona kunjalo awuyi kuzuza msebenzi wabo ngaphandle kokuba usete uhlaziyo kwinkqubo yekhompyuter yakho. Kuyinkolelo eqhelekileyo ukuba ukuba uqhuba ikopi engabhaliswanga yeWindows, awunakho okanye ufuna ukwala uhlaziyo lokhuseleko. Oku akuyonyani.
Gcina engqondweni Izalathi zoCalucalulo
Ngamanye amaxesha usetyenziso lwesoftware elwa nentsholongwane aluyi kuyibona i-malware kwigajethi yakho, ngakumbi ukuba i-malware ayichazwanga okanye intsha kubabhali bentsholongwane. Izikhombisi zokulalanisa zizalathiso okanye izimvo zokuba inkqubo yekhompyuter yakho ingcoliswe yimalware.
Eminye imiqondiso ayibonakali kangako; Ungafumanisa ukuba i-imeyile yakho iyafikeleleka kwidilesi ye-IP engaziwayo okanye ukuba useto lwakho sele luthumele ikopi yayo yonke i-imeyile kwidilesi ye-imeyile engaziwayo. Ixesha kunye nomthamo wetrafikhi unokucebisa ukubekwa esichengeni ukuba unakho ukubek'esweni ukugcwala kwenethiwekhi yakho. Omnye umzekelo: unokufumanisa ukuba inkqubo yekhompyuter yakho iqhagamshela kuMyalelo owaziwayo kunye neseva yolawulo- uhlobo lweenkqubo zekhompyuter ezithumela imiyalelo kwizixhobo ezingcoliswe yimalware okanye ezifumana ulwazi kubenzi abangcolileyo.
Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyenzile ukuba ndifumana iMalware kwikhompyuter yam? Ikhonkco le-anchor
Nqamula inkqubo yekhompyuter yakho kwiWebhu kwaye uyeke ukuyisebenzisa kwangoko ukuba ufumanisa ikhompyutha yakho kwikhompyuter yakho.
Ukuba ufumene i-malware, ukuyisusa akuqinisekisi ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yekhompyuter yakho. Enye i-malware inikezela umhlaseli amandla okwenza ikhowudi malunga nenkqubo yekhompyuter engcolileyo- kwaye akukho siqinisekiso sokuba utshaba alusebenzisanga isoftware eyonakalisayo ngelixa ulawula umenzi wakho.
Ngena kwinkqubo yekhompyuter ucinga ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye uguqule iipaswedi zakho; cinga ngalo lonke igama lokugqithisa olichwetheze kwinkqubo yekhompyuter yakho ngelixa ibingcolisiwe.
Unokufuna ukufaka kwakhona inkqubo yokusebenza kwikhompyuter yakho ukuze ususe i-malware. Oku kuyakususa uninzi lwe-malware, nangona kunjalo ezinye ii-malware eziphambili ziyaqhubeka.
Abafana abangalunganga kunye nezinye iinkwenkwezi banokufumana ukungabinakho ukuxhaphaza kwemini abanokuthi bayisebenzise ukuseta ngobuchule i-malware kwikhompyuter yakho. Amaxesha amaninzi usetyenziso lwesoftware elwa nentsholongwane aluyi kuyibona i-malware kwigajethi yakho, ngakumbi ukuba i-malware ayichazwanga okanye intsha kubabhali bentsholongwane. Omnye umzekelo: unokufumanisa ukuba inkqubo yekhompyuter yakho inxibelelana noMyalelo oLawulayo kunye neseva yolawulo- uhlobo lweenkqubo zekhompyuter ezithumela imiyalelo kubenzi abangcoliswe yimalware okanye abafumana ulwazi kubenzi abangcolileyo.
Ukuba ufumene i-malware, ukuyisusa akuqinisekisi ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yekhompyuter yakho. Enye i-malware inikezela umhlaseli amandla okuphumeza ikhowudi kwinkqubo yekhompyuter engcolileyo- kwaye akukho siqinisekiso sokuba umchasi akakhange asete isoftware eyingozi ngelixa ulawula isixhobo sakho.
